Diff: Donald Everist Library

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version 104

This page contains documents collected by long time consulting engineer Donald Everist. This data is here to preserve the historical record. However, some documents may be proprietary and subject to copyright. If you own the copyright to a document included here and do not with to have it remain here, please email harold@halikainen.org with the URL of the document you wish removed.

You can search these documents (and the entire broadcast history site) at https://bh.hallikainen.org/search/ .

Many of these papers demonstrate that an engineer is a mathematician with a hobby.

• AM Frequency Studies - Lists of stations on each frequency in the AM broadcast band along with details of those stations (directional patterns, etc.).

• Books

  • Directional Antennas, Carl Smith, 1946
  • Notes on Design of Directional Antennas, Al P. Barsis, 1951

• Papers

  • 2 Mc Skywave, Electronics Magazine, 1946. Detailed analysis of skywave at 2 MHz (Loran).
  • 10% Skywave Signal and Angles of Departure 10 10 Mile Intervals
  • Analysis of Low Latitude Skywave Measurements in the Medium Frequency Band, FCC Report 6701, 1967
  • AM Allocation Checklist
  • AM Field Study - Forms for frequency study, tower elevations, directional parameters, station inspection, schematics for AM noise measurement.
  • AM Technical Assignment Criteria - An Examination of Issues Raised in MM Docket No. 87-267. Not posted due to NAB copyright notice.
  • T and PI Network Calculations - Component calculations for a T or PI network
  • Antenna Impedance Matching – Simplified, Dr. Anitha Govind, Engineering Manager – RF & Connectivity, Abracon, LLC. Smith chart analysis of L networks.
  • Atmospheric Radio Noise, NTIA Report 85-173.
  • CDE Field Test Car Equipment Diagram 1987 showing two FM field strength meters driving a chart recorder from horizontal and vertical receive antennas.
  • Circular Polarization Tests, Report Number 1 on Experimental Station W8XUB, United Broadcasting Company, 1946. Investigates the use of circular polarization in FM broadcast transmission.
  • Daytime Skywave Interference Exhibit, Columbia Broadcasting System, 1947
  • Daytime Skywave at Broadcast Frequencies - An analysis of data recorded on 14 transmission paths for a period of approximately six years. another copy, 1947
  • Design, Analysis, and Construction of an Equal Split Wilkinson Power Divider, Logan J. Berens, Marquette University. Analysis of the use of quarter wave transmission lines in power splitters.
  • Design of a Matching Network for Dipole Antennas, Jennifer Park. Use of Real Frequency Method to design a wide band antenna matching network that deals with the variation of the antenna impedance with frequency.
  • Draft Guide on the Prediction, Measurement, and Analysis of AM Broadcast Reradiation by Power Lines, IEEE Power Engineering Society, 1992
  • Document Collection including correction factors for Delta OIB-3 RF bridges, use of guy wires as parasitic elements in directional arrays, effect on horizontal plane field due to top loading of a series fed vertical antenna (using FCCDA software. Note that top loading feet is truncated on the left making it inaccurate. The meters values are correct), top loaded vertical antenna with elevated ground plane, reduction in radiator efficeincy due to short ground radials, Direct Synthesis of Antenna Array Parameters According to Specified Radiation Patterns, Reducing AM Tower Static, Examination of Non-Directional Impedance Data Versus Electrical Height From Information Filed At The FCC, Fortran program to determine electrical height from base impedance measurements, Measured RMS Values and Impedances from FCC Files, Other Methods of Calculating Base Impedance
  • Document Collection - Developments in BroadBAND Antennas, vertical loop antennas, Antennas and Feeders, Continental Electronics Log Sequential Array, TCI Shorwave Broadcast Antennas, Ground Plane Antennas, Hula-Hoop Antennas, DDRR antenna, Broadband Log-Periodic Antennas,
  • Document Collection - Non-Radial ground systems for medium wave directional antenna systems, reduced skywave antennas, sectionalized broadcast towers, study of AM tower base impedance, combining multiple AM transmitters into a single antenna, graphical pattern calculator for AM, elevated radials, small loaded loop antennas, vertical radiator characteristics, low profile anti-skywave antenna, FCC formulae RMS and Radiation program, anti-skywave antenna through top loading, short broadcast antenna, installing new ground system, effect of tower lighting choeks and isolation circuits on AM tower impedance, folded unipole AM antenna, determining unipole drive point impedance, elevated vertical antenna systems, static voltages on guy insulators, standard reference antennas, impedance of uniform cross-section guyed tower, directional antennas with unequal tower heights, directional antenna sdjustment (includes method of determing driving point impedance using an XY scope), design charts for low frequency antenna efficiency, effect of feed point on pattern of wire antennas, graphical method of designing phasing networks, design charts for low frequency antennas, antenna design for maximum LF radiation, low impedance loop antenna for broadcast receivers, antifading broadcast antenna, RC filter chart, artificial antenna design,
  • Effect of Ground Conductivity on Interference Limitations Produced by WABC and WBZ at Albuquerque New Mexico, Edgar F. Vandivere, Jr., Docket 6584-5. 1956
  • Electrical Conductivity of the Great Lakes, Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards, 1963. Conductivity is determined through analysis of attenuation of field strengths over distance and also by laboratory analysis of water samples. Discusses the effect of temperature on conductivity.
  • Electrical Ground Impedance Measurements in the United States between 200 and 415 kHz, FAA Report FAA-RD-78-103, 1978. Discusses new methods of determining ground impedance and how those methods can be applied to LF radionavigation.
  • Engineering Exhibits Supporting the Daytime Interference Study on Behalf of Station WCKY, Cincinatti Ohio, Ring & Clark, 1947
  • Estimated Millington Curves, 1974
  • European Medium Frequency AM Skywave Field Intensity
  • Field Car Photo 1970s
  • Field Strength Measurement Photos, 1950s
  • Field Strength Measurement Photos, WSAY, 1957
  • Field Strength Measurement Photos, December 1957
  • Field Strength Measurement Photos
  • Field Strength Recordings, High Island Antenna - Tests on a sectionalized tower where inductance is added between sections to minimize ground wave and maximize skywave. WNBC, 1963
  • The FCC’s AM Revitalization R&O, Further NPRM and NOI, Ron Rackley, Radio Guide, November-December 2015

  • High Frequency

    • CCIR Study Group V - Effects of Tropospheric Refraction at Frequencies Below 10 MHz, Draft 11/7/69
    • CCIR Study Group V - Ground Wave Propagation Curves For Frequencies Below 10 MHz - Draft 10/13/69
    • CCIR Study Group V - The Computation of Ground-Wave Propagation Curves - Draft 11/5/69
    • CCIR Study Group V - Propagation Over Inhomogeneous Earth - Draft 11/3/69
    • Interference From The Ionosphere, Martin L. Shapiro, Boeing Airplane Co., Electronic Industries, March 1959
    • Minimum Required Field Intensities For Intelligible Reception of Radiotelephony in Presence of Atmospheric or Receiving Set Noise, Signal Corps Radio Propagation Unit Technical Rport 5, December 1945
    • User's Guide to Skywave - Guid to HF propagation software Skywave. 1985
    • U.S. Pleased with WARC Results - Broadcasting Magaine, February 13, 1984
  • It is Time to Retire Hybrid AM HD Radio?, Edward A. (Ted) Schober, PE, Radio Guide, November-December 2015
  • Letter To Automakers = Keep AM Radios, Senator Edward J. Markey, December 1, 2022
  • Canadian RF Safety, 2014
  • Medium-Frequency Sky Wave Propagation in Middle and Low Latitudes, Alfred F. Barghausen, IEEE Transactions in Broadcasting, June 1966
  • Non Reciprocal Ionospheric Propagation in the Medium Frequency Broadcasting Band, P. Knight, IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting, March 1980
  • Planning A Low Freuency Broadcast System for the United States
  • AM Power Increase Proposal, 2010, proposal to increase AM power by 10 dB to get over noise from unintentional radiators.
  • A Computer Program System For Predicting and Plotting Mediumwave Broadcast Groundwave Field Strenght Contours, Harry R. Anderson, Hammett and Edison, Inc, September 21, 1979. Describes a series of FORTRAN programs that ustilized digitized data from the FCC's M3 ground contuctivity maps and the ground wave field strength charts to generate field strength contours.
  • PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION OF A PASSIVE BASE VOLTAGE SAMPLING DEVICE USING A VOLTAGE DIVIDER AND A TRANSFORMER, Ronald D. Rackley, P.E., February 5, 2009
  • Radio Communication in the Sea, Richard K. Moore, IEEE Spectrum, November 1967
  • Radio Propagation Over Spherical Earth, Charles R. Burrows, Bell Telephone Laboratories, Proceedings of the Institute of Radio Engineers, May 1935
  • Recording Cochannel Broadcast Interference, Mal Mobley Jr, KMPC, Electronics, July 1952. Addition of a 13.5 Hz IF to a receiver allows recording of the carrier level of an interfering station at a slightly different frequency without the need to drop the carrier of the desired station.
  • PRELIMINARY Region 2 Skywave Curves, July 1982
  • Report of Committee III in Preparation for the Clear Channel Hearing, Docket 6741, January 15, 1946
  • RF Radiation Hazards, 1983
  • Signal Intensity Graphs
  • SIGNAL VARIATIONS OVER A FIVE· YEAR· PERIOD, Len Spencer., BE Consulting Author, and Chief Engineer, CKAC,

Montreal, Quebec.-Daily recording of signal strength for five years has revealed large variations, apparently due to temperature changes. Broadcast Engineering, August 1966

• Summer-to-Winter Changes in AM Coverage, Paul F. Godley, Jr., Your AM service area is often smaller in summer than in winter. This article summarizes several years' measurements which indicate the scope of the problem. It also explains how to live with the phenomenon - since you can't change it. BM/E, July 1970
• Sunspots and Radio - The sun's magnetic storms are important to listeners on earth. Harlan True Stetson, Radio-Craft, February 1948

• FCC Documents

  • FCC Announces The Interference Improvement Factors For Stations Which Have Petitioned To Migrate To The Expanded Broadcast Band, December 3, 1993
  • DA 12-1559 NOTICE OF APPARENT LIABILITY FOR FORFEITURE AND ORDER, KESQ for missing issues/programs lists. Adopted: September 27, 2012
  • DA 96-408 - MASS MEDIA BUREAU ANNOUNCES REVISED EXPANDED AM BROADCAST BAND IMPROVEMENT FACTORS AND ALLOTMENT PLAN, Released: March 22, 1996
  • Daily DigestJuly 25, 1984
  • Document Collection, 1988 - Extensive document collection including NRSC pre-emphasis for AM, and lots more. Table of contents at start of file.
  • Document Collection, 1989 - Extensive document collection, most about AM improvement. Table of contents at start of file.
  • Document Collection, 1990 - Most dea with AM improvement.
  • Document Collection, 1991 - AM inprovement including migration to expanded band to reduce interference.
  • Document Collection, 1992 - AM stereo standard, daytime station upgrades, AM application freeze over, FCC station self inspection list, and more.
  • Document Collection, 1993 - AM stereo standard, AM DA performance verification, expanded band interference improvement factors, AM and FM modulation limits, AM station elevated radials, , etc.
  • Document Collection, 1994 - Migration to AM expanded band, AM stereo standard, directional antenna measurements, AM emission limits, detuning towers.
  • Document Collection, 1995 - AM expanded band.
  • Document Colledtion, 1996 - AM expanded band, silent station license revoke, skirted grounded tower versus series fed, AM RDS
  • Document Collection, 1997 - Cellular tower construction near AM stations, nondiscrete power levels, expanded AM band, cable internet
  • Document Collection, 1998 - Standard conditions for AM stations, Austin ring transformer source, NAB requests technical relief for AM stations.
  • Document Collection, 1999 - FCC looks at Digital Audio Broadcasting. New spectrum, or in band on channel? FCC proposes to reduce the conducted emissions limits in part 15. crossed field antenna. AM DA ruling (especially use of MoM instead of proofs). This includes extensive email discussions. To provide some privacy, I have cropped off email headers.
  • Document Collection, 2000 - Cross field antenna, method of moments, MININEC, electromagnetic surface waves.
  • Document Collection, 2001 - AM directional antenna performance verification, mutually exclusive AM applications going to auction, KSTP/WTOP/WLQV settlement, directional system with separate transmitter for each tower,
  • International Broadcasting between 7.1 and 7.3 MHz in Region 3, Federal Register, 1985, includes protection of the amateur radio service in region 2
  • Ground Wave Field Intensity vs Distance Graphs

  • MDCL - Modulation Dependent Carrier Level

    • Public Notice - MEDIA BUREAU TO PERMIT USE OF ENERGY-SAVING TRANSMITTER TECHNOLOGY BY AM STATIONS, DA 11-1535, September 13, 2011. Includes instructions for seeking waiver of the AM power tolerance rules to allow use of MDCL.
  • Method of Computing Service and Interference for Use in Connection with Docket 6741, Clear Channel Proceeding, 1946

  • MM Docket 87-267 - Review of Technical Assignment Criteria for the AM Broadcast Service

    • FCC Notice of Inquiry, July 16, 1987
    • NAB Comments on Section I and IV of the NOI, June 17, 1988

  • MM Doclet 93-177 - An Inquiry Into The FCC’s Policies and Rules Regarding AM Radio Service Directional Antenna Performance Verification

    • Reply Comments of Radiohio Incorporated, September 7, 2007. Discusses NTIA Report 99-368 entitled, “Medium Frequency Propagation Prediction Techniques and Antenna Modeling for Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) Broadcast Applications” and antenna modeling and propagation software. Suggests that use of purely predicted antenna performance (shc as method of moents) could increase interference since it does not consider local variables. Interestingly, as an example of variability of antennas, includes base impedance values for a large number of nondirectional antennas as reported in FCC files. There is substantial deviation in the base impedance for antennas of the same electrical height.
    • Second Report and Order and Second Further Notice of Proposed Rulemaking, September 24, 2008. Permits use of computer modeling to verify the performance of AM directional antenna systems with series fed towers. Proposes rules regarding construction of towers near AM broadcast stations.
    • 73FR75376, Federal Register publication of NPRM regarding construction affecting AM patterns
    • Public Notice FNPRM Comment Dates, 12/11/08

  • MB Docket 09-52 - Policies to Promote Rural Radio Service and to Streamline Allotment and Assignment Procedures

    • FIRST REPORT AND ORDER AND FURTHER NOTICE OF PROPOSED RULE MAKING, January 28, 2010
  • Memorandum Opinion and Order - Comments in Response to Reconsideration of Implementation of the AM Expanded Band and Allotment Plan, March 15, 1996. Denies requests made in comments.
  • The Polarization of Downcoming Ionospheric Radio Waves, Kenneth A Norton, Federal Communications Commission
  • Petition For Rulemaking to Increase AM Station Day Power, Richard F. Arsenault, April 2010. Proposes allowing all stations to increase power 10 dB during the day to get over noise from electronic devices.
  • Petition For Rulemaking Regarding Pre-Sunrise Authorizations, Richard F. Arsenault, 2010. Requests PSRA permit operations at 5:00 am local time instead of 6:00 am
  • Report and Order - In the Matter of Policies to Encourage Interference Reduction Between AM Broadcast Stations, Adopted: April 12, 1990
  • Report and Order - Improved Methods for Calculating Skywave Field Strength in the AM Broadcast Band, April 12, 1990
  • Report and Order - Improved Methods for Calculating Skywave Field Strength in the AM Broadcast Band, Adopted: April 12, 1990
  • Public Notice - AM Revitalization, January 19, 2016
  • Public Notice - Effective Date of Amended Rules for AM Directional Antenna Arrays, March 22, 2018
  • Report and Order in the Matter of Promultagion of Rules and Regulations and Standards of Good Engineering Practice Concerning Daytime Skywave Transmissions of Standard Broadcast Stations, September 18, 1959
  • Memorandum Opinion and Order in the Matter of Promultagion of Rules and Regulations and Standards of Good Engineering Practice Concerning Daytime Skywave Transmissions of Standard Broadcast Stations and Amendment of Section 1.251 of the Commission's Rules, December 9, 1959
  • Report and Order FCC 14-165, Application for Assignment of Permit for New (AM) Broadcast Station at Casa Grande, Arizona, denying extension of CP expiration, October 16, 2014
  • Report and Order - All Digital AM Broadcasting and Revitalization of AM Radio Service, October 28, 2020
  • Public Notice - Effective Date of RF Exposure Rule Changes, April 2, 2021
  • STATEMENT OF COMMISSIONER GEOFFREY STARKS On the AM Radio for Every Vehicle Act of 2023, July 27, 2023
  • STATEMENT OF COMMISSIONER AJIT PAI ON WRDN, REEL COUNTRY 1430 AM, June 10, 2013
  • RF EXPOSURE PROCEDURES AND EQUIPMENT AUTHORIZATION POLICIES FOR MOBILE AND PORTABLE DEVICES, October 23, 2015
  • RF Exposure Procedures and Equipment Authorization Policies for Mobile and Portable Devices, 11/29/2021
  • DRAFT RF Exposure Procedures and Equipment Authorization Policies for Mobile and Portable Devices, August 17, 2022
  • WNLC Monitor Point Photos, 1962

• US-Canada Agreements

  • 1984 Agreement - Includes Canadian standard for AM stereo, pre-sunrise and post-sunset operation.
  • 1991 Working Arrangement on FM
  • 2008 Tentative Agreement RE Digital Television
  • Canada 2002 Provisional Application Procedures and Rules for FM Broadcasting Undertakings

• Other

  • AM Night Power, 1987

    • By Call Sign
    • By Frequency
    • By State and City

  • WWBG Temporary Antenna, 1957

    • Photo
    • FCC Letter RE Temporary Antenna
    • Field Strength Measurements on Temporary Antenna